Module 4

Computer and Device Security

Secure desktops, laptops and mobile devices through updates, configuration and everyday defensive controls.

Learning Objectives

Apply operating system and application updates.
Use antivirus or endpoint protection effectively.
Harden browser and mobile settings.
Manage removable media and backup routines safely.

Why This Matters

Outdated software and weak configurations are common points of compromise.

Routine maintenance significantly reduces exploit opportunities.

Plain-Language Explanation

Device security is about reducing attack surface. Keep systems current, remove unused apps, use reputable endpoint protection, and restrict risky defaults where practical. On mobiles, lock-screen protection, app permission review and timely updates are essential. Backups provide recovery options when prevention fails.

Practical Examples

Enable automatic updates for operating systems and browsers.
Disable autorun for removable media where supported.
Use separate standard and admin accounts on shared computers.

Common Mistakes

Postponing critical updates for long periods.
Allowing unnecessary administrator access.
Installing software from untrusted download sites.

Security Checklist

My key devices have automatic updates enabled. Endpoint protection is installed and active. I maintain a current backup of important files.

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Short Knowledge Check

Question 1: Why are software updates critical?

They patch known vulnerabilities that attackers may actively exploit.

Question 2: Is antivirus alone enough?

No. It supports defence but must be paired with patching, backups and safer behaviour.

Question 3: Why limit admin use?

Lower privileges reduce system-wide damage if malware executes.

Key Takeaways

Good maintenance is a core cyber defence.
Secure defaults and least privilege reduce impact.
Backups are essential for resilience.