Learning outcomes
- Explain the key principles of ethernet and tcp/ip fundamentals.
- Carry out a structured practical check or configuration task.
- Recognise common faults, risks and evidence needed for diagnosis.
Module 9 · Lesson 1
Ethernet and TCP/IP fundamentals
Understand MAC addresses, IP addresses, subnet masks, gateways, ports, switches and routed networks.
Before you begin
Network diagram and isolated training network.
Safety: Use site procedures, approved test equipment and competent supervision. Never bypass a protection or interlock without formal control.
Step-by-step learning
- Identify the MAC and IP address of each training device.
- Calculate whether two addresses are in the same subnet.
- Explain when traffic uses a default gateway.
- Map common industrial services to TCP or UDP ports.
Ian's practical tips:
- A correct IP address with the wrong subnet mask can create very confusing partial communication.
- Document physical switch port, device name, IP address and purpose together.
Fault-finding questions
- What should be happening, and what evidence proves it?
- Where is the last known correct signal, voltage, state or process condition?
- What changed immediately before the fault?
- Can the system be divided into smaller testable sections?
Practical activity
Create a one-page test record for this lesson. Include expected values, measured results, equipment used, risks controlled, defects found and the final proven condition.